短期季節農業および非農業従事者
事前に取り決められた特定の雇用に就くために一定期間渡米する方は「H」ビザが必要です。雇用は、米国内の雇用主から提出されるI-129請願書に基づき事前に国土安全保障省、移民局から許可を得ていなければなりません。Hカテゴリーには研修も含まれます。
H-2A、H-2Bビザ： H-2AとH2Bのカテゴリーは、一時的、季節的かつ米国労働者が不足している職業に就く目的で渡米する方が対象となります。H-2Aは一時的あるいは 季節的農業に従事する方が、H-2Bは一時的あるいは季節的に農業以外の仕事に就く方が該当します。H-2Bの典型的な例としては、一定の期限までに特定 の仕事を完了する契約を結んでいる雇用主が必要とするすべての労働者を米国内労働市場では探し出すことができないため、契約完了の期限まで能力のある外国 人労働者に働いてもらう場合が挙げられます。契約の完了と同時に、雇用主は外国人に仕事を依存する必要がなくなります。
The H-2A Visa is the most functional of visa categories. It fills a specific need for the U.S. and for foreign nationals. The visa allows foreign workers entry to the U.S. to work in agriculture. Truthfully, the visa hasn't garnered much support in the community. Growers don't like the limits of the visa and advocates don't believe the laws give enough support to workers.
The H-2A visa is not self-petitioned. Employers must apply on behalf of their employees. The employer can be self-employed, a partnership, corporation or agricultural association. An agent may also apply on behalf of the employer. Workers' spouses and unmarried children under the age of 21 are allowed to join them in the US under the H-4 status. Dependents are not permitted to work, unless they personally qualify for a work visa.
STEPS
The first step is for the employer to apply for a Temporary Labor Certification from the US Department of Labor (DOL). The employer must meet all requirements of the DOL, and must prove that there are no U.S. workers available for the proposed position(s).
After approval of the application, the employer must attempt to recruit eligible US individuals for the proposed positions. After the recruitment process is complete, the DOL will subtract the number of accepted US workers from the requested amount of H-2A workers. If no U.S. workers were able to be recruited, the employer will be eligible to apply for his/her requested amount of visas.
The employer will then petition for the agreed amount of H-2A Visas with USCIS . After approval of this petition, foreign workers may apply to the consulate in their home nations.
DOCUMENTS
The documents required for the petition process are:
The documents required for the H-2A Visa are:
事前に取り決められた特定の雇用に就くために一定期間渡米する方は「H」ビザが必要です。雇用は、米国内の雇用主から提出されるI-129請願書に基づき事前に国土安全保障省、移民局から許可を得ていなければなりません。Hカテゴリーには研修も含まれます。
H-1Bビザは,米国において一時的に就労する外国人専門職者に対するビザです。このビザにより、最初に3年間、さらに延長は3年間するこができます。一般的には、限度は 6年間になっていますが、もし外国人が労働証明申請書（本人又は代理申請ができる）、あるいは移民ビザの請願書の申し込みより３６５日を経過した時点で永 住権の申請を行った場合、H-1Bビザの資格は6年間の限度に加え、更に1年延長する事が可能になります。
H-1B の資格基準
新しいH-1B更新規定の適用
移民局によってその特定の仕事が専門職かどうか検討される最も重要な要素は次のとおりです。
1年以上前に労働証明書の申請を提出しているが、まだ手続きが審理中である場合、6年を超えるH-1Bの延長は許容されます。
The laws regarding the H-1B visa are in constant flux and applicants seriously considering this category as a means of working in the US on a temporary basis should stay informed and updated as much as possible. Since an applicant's circumstances and the circumstances of his/her dependent family members may require special attention, the following information is not tailored to any one individual but provides general information about this category.
The H-1B visa allows foreign workers to enter the US and work in a variety of fields ranging from architecture and engineering to health and medicine. The H-1B visa offers a wide range of employment possibilities and is a logical first step toward permanent immigration.
In order to qualify for H-1B classification, the applicant must have at least a U.S. bachelors degree or its equivalent AND the job sought must require at least a bachelors degree or its equivalent. Because this is not a self-petitioning category, the applicant must have a sponsoring employer in the U.S.
The spouse and unmarried children below the age of 21 are allowed to accompany or join the H-1B worker as H-4 dependents. However, they cannot work unless they qualify for a work visa. H-4 dependents can enroll and attend schools in the U.S. without obtaining a student visa.
STEPS
Since the H-1B visa requires a U.S. sponsor, the applicant must seek a U.S. employer who is willing to hire the applicant temporarily, pay the applicant the prevailing wage for the offered position and file the petition and supporting documents with the CIS (Citizenship and Immigration Services).
The petition process begins with the sponsoring employer filing a Labor Condition Application (LCA) with the Department of Labor after obtaining a prevailing wage for the position. Upon obtaining an approved LCA the employer files the petition with Immigration. The petition must be filed with documentation that shows the job is a professional or specialty occupation and that the H-1B applicant is qualified for the position.
The sponsoring employer must file Form I-129 (Petition for Non-immigrant worker) and H supplement with the CIS office having jurisdiction over the place of employment. The base filing fee for an H-1B petition is $320. Additional fees apply. All employers must complete and file Form I-129W with the Form I-129 petition.
If either the employer or the applicant wishes to expedite the H-1B petition so an initial determination is made within 15 days of the filing, it may request premium processing for an additional fee of $1,000. The request is made by completing Form I-907.
After approval, Immigration will send Form I-797 (Notice of Action) to the employer. The employer then notifies the applicant and sends all the required documents to the applicant who can then apply for his H-1B visa at the U.S. consulate in his home country.
DOCUMENTS
Both the applicant and the employer are required to submit documents for the H-1B visa.
The applicant is required to submit the following documents when applying for an H-1B visa abroad:
A completed visa application (Form DS 160) with one recent photograph, 1 inches square (37mm x 37mm), of each applicant, with the entire face visible. The picture should be taken before a light background and without head covering. A passport valid for travel to the United States for at least six months longer than your intended visit. Form I-797 (Notice of Action) Copy of the approved Labor Condition Application (LCA) Copy of the field and approved I-129H petition and supporting documentation which should include:
*the applicants academic record, *education evaluation verifying that the applicants foreign academic record is equivalent to a US bachelors degree,
*resume,
*recommendation letters from previous employers (if required),
*proof of any membership in relevant trade or professional organizations, and
*a letter from your employer detailing the job and its requirements.
*Current or updated letter from the employer confirming its intention to hire the applicant according the terms and conditions on its approved petition.
*Employers most recent financial records or tax returns.
It is the employer’s responsibility to send the items listed in numbers 3 through 7 above to the applicant.
Visa fees associated with obtaining the H-1B visa vary from country to country. Please visit the website for the U.S. Consulate/Embassy at which the H-1B visa is being applied for.
専門学生
大 学・高校・語学学校などの学術機関で学ぶ場合には、F-1（学生）ビザを申請します。専門学校その他の非学術機関で学ぶ場合には、M-1 （専門学生）ビザを申請します。B-2 (観光)ビザや、ビザ免除プログラムでフルタイムで就学することはできません。 M-1 ビザは専門学校その他の公認非学術機関で学ぶ学生のためのビザです。
学生ビザを取得するためには、次の証明が必要です。
SEVIS (Student and Exchange Visitor Information System「学生・交流訪問者情報システム」)仕様のI-20の右側にはバーコードが付与されています。学生ビザの申請には、学校責任者によって署名さ れたこのI-20が必要となります。I-20はビザではありません。学生ビザを持たずにI-20のみで米国に到着した場合、米国への入国は認められません のでご注意ください。
また、SEVIS費(＄100）を支払わなければなりません。SEVIS費はビザ申請料金と共にビザ申請前にお支払いください。
申請者それぞれの状況が大きく異なるため、提出書類の具体的なリストはありません。
科学技術関連プログラム: 科学技術関連プログラム(授業)に出席するために渡米する方は、面接時に次の追加書類を提出してください。
家族のビザ： 配偶者および21歳未満の子どもが同行家族として米国に滞在するためには、家族用のF-2ビザを取得しなければなりません。F-2ビザの申請方法はF- 1と同じですが、申請者夫々にI-20が必要です。あなたがJ-1ビザを取得した後に家族がビザ申請をする場合は、あなたのビザコピー、家族関係の証明と して出生および結婚証明書も提出しなければなりません。
The M-1 visa offers a great opportunity for students to train in a positive U.S. environment and strengthen their technical and non-academic skills. The M-1 visa is offered to students who wish to pursue full-time study at an USCIS approved vocational or non-academic school in the United States.
These schools are usually community and junior colleges that offer vocational and technical training or vocational high schools. The schools must prove their international students program will reach certain educational objectives and will not be used to make students work.
Your spouse and unmarried children under the age of 21 are allowed to join you in the U.S., under M-2 status. A prospective student's Form I-20M-N may be used to request an M-2 visa.
If your spouse and/or dependent children are joining you later, they will need to submit Form I-20M-N, endorsed from the school you are attending. M-2 visa holders cannot work while in the U.S. nor engage in full time study. An M-2 child can attend primary or secondary school.
STEPS:
You must be enrolled as a full time student for an academic educational program with the USCIS approved school. You should have the USCIS form I-20 M-N/ID (Certificate of eligibility) issued by the educational institute.
PROCEDURE TO APPLY:
You must submit your visa application form, Form I-20M-N and other required documents at the U.S. Consulate, Consular Office or U.S. Embassy with jurisdiction over your permanent residence.
DOCUMENTS REQUIRED ARE:
学生ビザ
大 学・高校・語学学校などの学術機関で学ぶ場合には、F-1（学生）ビザを申請します。専門学校その他の非学術機関で学ぶ場合には、M-1 （専門学生）ビザを申請します。B-2 (観光)ビザや、ビザ免除プログラムでフルタイムで就学することはできません。 F-1は大学・高校・語学学校で学ぶ留学生のためのビザです。
学生ビザを取得するためには、次の証明が必要です。
SEVIS (Student and Exchange Visitor Information System「学生・交流訪問者情報システム」)仕様のI-20の右側にはバーコードが付与されています。学生ビザの申請には、学校責任者によって署名さ れたこのI-20が必要となります。I-20はビザではありません。学生ビザを持たずにI-20のみで米国に到着した場合、米国への入国は認められません のでご注意ください。
また、SEVIS費を支払わなければなりません。SEVIS費はビザ申請料金と共にビザ申請前にお支払いください。
申請者それぞれの状況が大きく異なるため、提出書類の具体的なリストはありません。
科学技術関連プログラム: 科学技術関連プログラム(授業)に出席するために渡米する方は、面接時に次の追加書類を提出してください。
家族のビザ： 配偶者および21歳未満の子どもが同行家族として米国に滞在するためには、家族用のF-2ビザを取得しなければなりません。F-2ビザの申請方法はF- 1と同じですが、申請者夫々にI-20が必要です。あなたがJ-1ビザを取得した後に家族がビザ申請をする場合は、あなたのビザコピー、家族関係の証明と して出生および結婚証明書も提出しなければなりません。
The wide variety of educational facilities in the United States offer great opportunities for students wishing to further their education and training. The intellectual stimulation and social experiences of studying in the U.S. will be vital parts of a student's growth and development.
Foreign national students who want to study in the U.S. usually apply for the F-1 visa. Although the J-1 and M-1 Visas (for vocational students) are sometimes used, most foreign students enter in F-1 status.
Your spouse and unmarried children under the age of 21 are allowed to join you in the U.S., under F-2 status. A prospective student's Form I-20A-B may be used to request an F-2 visa.
If your spouse and/or dependent children are joining you later, they will need to submit Form I-20A-B, endorsed from the school you are attending. F-2 visa holders cannot work while in the US nor attend school without changing their status to F-1. An F-2 child may attend school-elementary through 12th grade.
STEPS:
You must be enrolled as a full time student for an academic educational program with the USCIS approved school. You should have the USCIS form I-20 A-B/ID (Certificate of eligibility) issued by the educational institute.
PROCEDURE TO APPLY:
You must submit your visa application form, Form I-20A-B and other required documents at the U.S. Consulate, Consular Office or U.S. Embassy with jurisdiction over your permanent residence.
DOCUMENTS REQUIRED ARE:
